Centrifugal burner.



y 1. H. KING. CENTFIIFUGAL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 23.19I4.

lil l Patented Oct. 26, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

VII

WITNESSES:

IN VENTOR J. H. KING.

CENTRIFUGAL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED MAK. 23. I9I4.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Oct. 26, 1915.

JOSEPH H. KING, OF OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,TO AMERICAN STANDARD OIL BURNER C0., 0F OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA, A`COBfIO-IIll-L- TION OF CALIFORNIA.

CENTRIFUGAL BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 26, 1915.

Application led March 23, 1914. Serial No. 826,678.

'0a.kland, in the county of Alameda and State of California,haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Centrlfugal Burners, ofwhich the following is a specification.`

This invention relates to improvements in centrifugal oil burners.

' The main object of the present invention is to construct a burner ofthe character described, provided with an open cup centrifugal atomizer,which may be so positioned within the furnace that all parts of theinterior of the centrifugal atomizing cup are readily and easilyaccessible for cleaning, as experience in actual use has proven, thatsand, lumps of asphaltum and other impurities contained in the fuel oil,adhere to the inner surface of the atomizing cup and unless removed, thecentrifugal atomizing cup fails to perform its function and the burneris rendered less efficient.

Another object of this invention is to provide an opencup centrifugalatomizer which may be so positioned within the furnace, that theinterior of the cup will be exposed, both to the radiated and reflectedheat, so that the cold fuel oil when introduced at the deepest part ofthe centrifugal atomizer'cup shall spread out and entirely cover all ofthe. exposed surface, the oil being preheated by the radiated andreflected heat to the point Where it flashes and burns immediately uponleaving the discharged lip of the centrifugal atomizer. The oileectually covers, insulates and protects all exposed parts by absorbingthe radiated and reflected heat as the film of oil thins out over theinner surface in its progress from the lower and cool area, to the upperand hotter disvcharged end of the centrifugal cup.

Another object of this invention is to provide free and unobstructedcirculation of the hot furnace gases in the interior ofthe cup asexperience has shown, that these gases are acted upon by centrifugalforce and discharged With the heated oil into the fire area, where theyassist in the complete combustion of the finely atomized oil.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel means forinducingthe air used in connection with the burner, and to regulate thevolume and velocity of same.

. A further object of the invention is to provide a burner which shallpossess superlor advantages in point of accessibility, durability andgeneral efficiency.

The invention consists of the parts and the construction and combinationof parts as hereinafter more fully described and claimed, havingreference to the accompanying drawings in which- Figure 1 is a central,vertical section. F 1g. 2 is a plan view. Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectionon line X-X, Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, A indicates'a suitably shaped base casting,and 2 an upper casing section which is rigid with base A, beingconnected thereto by an intermediate casing section 3. Suitably securedin the bottom portion of the intermediate casing as at 4 is an upwardlyextending shaft or standard 5, about which is revolubly mounted a sleeve6, upon the upper end of which 1s secured an open cup centrifugalatomizer 7 to which oil is delivered through standard 5 and a stationarydistributing cap 8 9 indicates a fan which' is secured as at 10 to theunder portion of the centrifugal atomizer. The fan consists of acircumferential series of outwardly extending blades operating in anannular air duct 11, which latter is formed between the uppercylindrical casing section 2 and the centrifugal atomizer. AirL isadmitted through a circumferential series of air inlets 12, formed incasing 2 below the fan, is then driven up through the air duct 11, anddischarged through an annular outlet 13 formed between the upperdischarge flange 14C. of the atomizer and an adjustable collar 15secured on the upper end of the casing 2. The adjustable collar isprovided for the purpose of increasingor decreasing the area of theannular outlet 13, or in other words, to regulate the volumeand'velocity of the air discharging from the burner into the furnace.This adjustment is secured by raising or loweringthe'collar Withrelation to the upper flange of the atomizer, and the position of sameis controlled by adjusting screws, indicated at 16.

rlhe centrifugal atomizer, together with the connected sleeve 6 isjournaled in antifriction bearing 17, and supported against end thrustby a second anti-friction bearing, indicated at 18, and rotary motion istransmitted to same in any suitable manner, or as here shown, through apair of intermeshing bevel gears 19 and 20, gear 19 being secured to thesleeve, while the other gear is secured to shaft 21 to which power maybe tra-nsmitted through an electric motor or any other suitable meansnot here shown.

In operation it is common practice to install a burner of this type'insuch a position, that the upper portion of the burner Will project intothe center of the furnace a suitable distance above the fire brickcovered grate-bars, indicated by dotted lines at 22, Fig. 1. When it isdesired to start a fire Within the furnace, it is first accomplished .I

by starting the motor or other means through which shaft 21 is driven.Power is then transmitted through the gears and sleeve with connectedcentrifugal atomizer and fan. The moment the desired speed is obtainedit is neXt necessary to turn on the fuel oil which is admitted throughpipe 24:

and a duct 25 which connects with the lower end of the hollow standard.The oil rising through the hollow standard is then admitted to thecentrifugal atomizer, being first distributed by the stationary cap,indicated at 8. The oil is 'here evenly dis` tributed and permitted toflow into the bottom of the atomizer which when'revolving at a highspeed causes the oil to pass rapidly up the Wall ofthe cup oriatomizerin the form of a thin ilm. The inner surface of' the atomizer.'constructed as here shown is exposed to the radiated and reflected heatin the furnace. The thin film of oil passing up the wall of the cup isthus thoroughly heated, and is finally discharged over the edge of thecup into the furnace proper, having in its passage through the cup4obtained the proper heat to immediately burst into flame when leavingthe cup. The constant flowing film of oil passing upwardly over the wallof the cu'p or atomizer acts as' an insulation for the cup and reventsthis from becoming overheated. arbonization Within the cup or atomizeris thus prevented. The upwardly flowing current of air dischargingthrough the annular discharge opening 13, passing over the exteriorsurface of the cup protects the cup from heat at this point and th cup,together with that portion of the casing which projects into theinterior of the furnace will at the same time act as a heater whichgives the air the desired temperature before finally entering thefurnace. v f`\ The present constructionv has many advantages oversimilar burners heretofore constructed. First of all, the open cuplconstruction eliminates the use of preliminary oil heaters,'forthesimple reason that the oil inpassing through the atomizer obtains thedesired temperature by the reflected heat towhich it is exposed beforedischarging from the periphery of same; second, the air entering thefurnace not only assists in retaining the wall of the cup at the propertemperature, and the surrounding casing, but it also becomes heated tothe proper temperature, thus materially assisting eflicient combustionwithin the furnace; third, the combined action of the oil and airpassing through and around the cup acts as an insulation, which protectsthe cup with the connected mechanism from becoming overheated or injured`,by the heat of the furnace, and fourth, the elimination of anycovering above the mouth of the centrifugal atomizer permits a free andunobstructed circulation of the hot furnace gases in the interior of thecup. Experience'has shown that the centrifugal action of the cup causesthe hot furnace gases to be drawn down through the center and dischargeover the periphery with the heated oil into the fire area. The hot gasesthus circulated first assist in heating the oil within the interior ofthe cup, and linally aid combustion in the fire zone. Another greatadvantage secured by the present construction is the facility and easeby which the cup or atomizer may be cleaned. The only portion of theburner which may possibly become coated with sulfur or carbon is theinterior surface of the atomizer; the open construction of same permitsthe insertion of a steel brush, or the like, at any time, which Willimmediately clean and remove from the surface any objectionable adheringmatter; that is, it is not necessary to wait until the furnace hascooled down, for the simple reason that no parts have to be removed togain admission to the cup. The adjustable collar, together with thehorizontally positioned fan permits the volume and velocity of air to beregulated for various conditions and sizes of furnaces, and the velocityof air may be increased by raising the collar through means 0f adjustingthe screw 16. This also serves to reduce the volume if necessary. It canthus kbe seen that the flame area may be easily concentrated or spreadby adjusting the area of the annular air discharge opening. The oilintroduced into this burner is cold and is superheated by the reflectedheat to which it is exposed whlle passing through the atomizer. Thetemperature of the oil should be about the iashingppoint whendischarging over the edge of the atomizer, andtime period in a deep cupthan in a shallow 13o parts of the apparatus are such as the eX-perience and judgment of the manufacturer may dictate.

Having thus describe-d my invention, what I claim and desire to secureby Letters Patent is:

l. In a centrifugal burner, the combination of a casing open at itsupper end, an open enlarged cup shaped centrifugal atomizer journaled inthe casing, said atomizer having its open end projecting through theupper end of the casing, and means for introducing oil'into the lowerend of the atomizer.

2. In a centrifugal burner, the combination of a casing open at itsupper end, an open outwardly flaring enlarged cup shaped centrifugalatomizer journaled in the casing, said atomizer having its open endprojecting through the upper end of the casing and spaced from same,means for introducing oil through the lower end of the atomizer, andmeans for inducing an air current through the casing between theatomizer and casing.

3. In a centrifugal burner, the combination of a casing open at itsupper end, an open cup' centrifugal atomizer journaled in the casing,said atomizer having itsY open end projecting through the upper end ofthe casing and spaced from same, means for introducing oil through thelower end of the atomizer, means for inducing an Yair current throughthe casing between the atomiZer and the casing, and meansforrcontrolling the volume and velocity of the air.

'-l. In a centrifugal burner, the combination of a casing open at itsupper end, an open cup centrifugal atomizer journaled in the casing,saidatomizer having its open end projecting through the upper end of thecasing and spaced from same, means for ilk' troducing oil through'thelower end of the atomizer, means for inducing an air current through thecasing between the atomizer and the casing, means for controlling thevolume and velocity of the air, and a collar on the upper end of thecasing adapted to be raised or lowered with relation to the atomizer.

5. In a centrifugal burner, the combination of a casing open at itsupper end, an oildelivering hollow standard, centrally disposed andsecured within the casing, Aa sleeve revolubly mounted on Saidstandard', an open cup centrifugal atomizer secured t0 the sleeve andprojecting through the upper i atomlzer forming an annular discharge forthe air conduit, and means for adjusting the position of the collar toincrease or decrease the area of the annular discharge opening.

6. In a centrifugal burner, the combination of a casing open at itsupper end, an oil-delivering hollow standard centrally disposed andsecured within the casing, -a sleeve revolubly mounted on said standard,an open cup centrifugal atomizer secured to the sleeve and projectingthrough the upper end of the casing, said atomizer and casing inclosingan air conduit, a stationary oil-distributing cap secured to the upperend of the standard Within-the atomizer, and means for forcing an aircurrent upward through the conduit.

7. In a centrifugal burner, the ,combination of a casing open at itsupper end, an oil-delivering .hollow standard centrally disposed andsecured within the casing, a sleeve revolubly mounted on said standard,an open cup centrifugal atomizer secured to the sleeve and projectingthrough the upper end of the casing, said atomizer and casing inclosingan air conduit, a stationary oildistributing cap secured to the upperend of the standard within the atomizer, a fan secured to the lower endof the atomizer, and a collar mounted on the upper end of the casing,said collar in conjunction with the atomizer forming an annulardischarge opening for the air conduit.

8. In a centrifugal burner, the combination of a casing open at itsupper end, an oil-delivering hollow standard centrally disposed andsecured within the casing, a sleeve revolubly mounted 0n said standard,an open 4cup centrifugal atomizer secured to the sleeve and projectingthrough the upper end of the casing, said' atomizer and casing inclosingan air conduit, a stationary oil-distributing cap secured to the upperend of the standard within theatornizer, a fan secured to the lower endof the atomizer, a collar mounted on the upper end of the casing, saidcollar in conjunction with the atomizer forming an annular dischargeopening for the .air conduit, and adjusting screws on the collar toadjust it vertically with relation to the atomizer.

9. The combination in a centrifugal oil burner,of a casing open at itsupper end, a vertically disposed tubular shaft journaled in the case, anopen top cup fixed on the shaft constituting a centrifugal atomizer,said cup having an outwardly extending flanged lip overhanging the upperend of the casing and/fofming therebetween an air outlet,

an oill pipe extending through the hollow creating an air currentthrough said air shaft and discharging into the bottom of the outlet, anoil pipe extending through the cup, and means for revolving the cup.hollow shaft and discharging into the bot- 10. The combination in acentrifugal oil tom of the cup, and means for revolving the 5 burner,yof a casing open at its upper end, cup.

a vertically disposed tubular shaft journaled In testimony whereof Ihave hereunto set in the case, an open top cup 'xed on the my hand inthe presence of two subscribing shaft constituting a centrifugalatomzer, witnesses.

said cup havin `an outwardly extending JSElri H. KING. 10 flanged lipover anging theupper end of Vitnesses:

' the casing and forming therebetween an air W. W. HEALEY,

outlet, air induction means on the cup for' M. KANDE'RER.

